Data Sources & Methodology
GPO Intel is an independent intelligence platform. Every profile is built from primary public filings, continuously-monitored news, and a vetted expert network — then cited at the field level so you can see exactly where each figure came from and when it was last verified. This page is the full account of how the data is collected, verified, and maintained.
Primary Sources (Authoritative Filings)
The financial and governance fields on each profile are drawn directly from primary public filings — not estimated. Each is cited on the relevant field with a link back to the original document.
HGPII Public Accountability Questionnaires
The annual Public Accountability Questionnaire each Healthcare Group Purchasing Industry Initiative signatory files (Premier, Vizient, HealthTrust, Capstone, TPC, and others). Source of fee structure, bid process, conflict-of-interest policy, and OIG Safe Harbor disclosures. Parsed directly from the published PDF/DOCX filings at hgpii.com.
SEC EDGAR Filings (10-K / 10-Q)
Annual and quarterly filings for publicly-traded GPO parents (e.g. HCA / HealthTrust, Owens & Minor, Cardinal Health). Source of administrative-fee revenue, fee-share trends, member counts, and management commentary — pulled straight from EDGAR.
IRS Form 990 (via ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer)
For non-profit GPOs and affiliated foundations, the IRS Form 990 provides reported revenue, assets, and officer compensation. Retrieved from the ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer API and linked on each financial figure.
Earnings Call Transcripts
Quarterly earnings call transcripts (filed as SEC 8-K exhibits) for public GPOs. Source of management commentary on fee-share trends, member renewals, and strategic priorities.
HSCA Industry Reports
Healthcare Supply Chain Association publications — the GPO Fee Model overview, Economic Analysis, and annual value reports — used for industry-wide admin-fee ranges, savings figures, and market context.
Continuous Monitoring
GPO Newsrooms & Trade Press
Direct press-release and RSS feeds from GPO newsrooms (Premier, HealthTrust, Capstone Health Alliance), the Healthcare Supply Chain Association (HSCA), and trade/wire press — Healthcare Purchasing News, Journal of Healthcare Contracting, Modern Healthcare, and PR Newswire — plus GAO oversight reports and Google News. Scanned 3× daily for mentions, executive moves, M&A, and contract activity.
Job Postings
Active listings from organizational career pages (Workday) and aggregator feeds — used to surface hiring trends, strategic priorities, and org structure.
Industry Events
Conference and event data, including which GPOs are speaking, exhibiting, or hosting — a signal source competitors typically miss.
Expert Network
Voluntary contributions from healthcare supply-chain professionals, procurement consultants, and former GPO employees. Every expert submission is reviewed by our team before it enters the database, and is attributed according to the contributor’s stated preference (named, title only, or anonymous). Contributors receive research credit for approved answers. Contributing does not affect an organization’s coverage, ratings, or how it is described on the platform — coverage decisions are editorially independent of contributor participation.
AI Research Synthesis
A frontier AI model is used to structure and summarize information gathered from the sources above. AI-synthesized fields are labeled, and we instruct the model to omit anything it cannot ground in a source rather than speculate.
How We Verify & Show Our Work
Field-level source citations
Financial, fee, and governance fields link to the underlying filing (HGPII PAQ, SEC, 990) right on the profile. You can click through to the original document.
Field population score
Each profile shows what percentage of its key intelligence fields are populated — so you always know how much is known versus still being researched, before you rely on it.
"Verified" dates per field group
Where a field is backed by a dated source, the profile shows when that information was last verified — high-volatility data (contacts, signals) is refreshed far more often than static facts.
Contradiction flagging
When two sources disagree on a figure (e.g. a revenue number from a 990 versus a 10-K), the conflict is flagged for human review rather than silently overwritten.
Human review of corrections
Every correction or tip submitted by a subscriber, and every expert answer, is reviewed by our team before it changes a profile.
Update Frequency
News & job postings
3× daily — an automated pipeline runs every morning, midday, and evening (UTC)
Executive moves
3× daily — extracted from each fresh batch of news and filings
GPO profile fields
Rotating schedule — profiles are re-checked stalest-first; every proposed change is human-reviewed before it publishes
Primary filings (HGPII / SEC / 990)
On release — HGPII PAQs each February; SEC 10-K/10-Q each filing; 990s as published
Industry events
Daily — past events archived automatically
Expert contributions & corrections
On submission — reviewed before inclusion
Known Limitations
Not every field is source-backed yet
Where a field has citations, a source chip shows them with dates and tiers. Where it doesn’t, the profile says so rather than implying sourcing — an unlabeled value is never a silent claim of verification. The share of source-backed fields grows continuously and is tracked internally as a worked backlog.
Estimates are estimates
Some figures (market position, certain fee ranges) are estimates or derived from partial disclosures. They are labeled as such and never presented as reported financials. When two credible sources disagree, we show both figures with their dates — we do not average them or silently pick one.
Affiliate figures are never rolled up
A parent organization’s published purchasing volume is never attributed to its affiliates or channel partners, and combined-reach figures that belong to no single entity are rejected outright.
Job coverage is broad, not total
We monitor the career systems of every organization with a public, machine-readable job board — and for many smaller GPOs our finding is that no public hiring surface exists at all (they hire by email or LinkedIn only). “No openings shown” can mean either no openings or no public board; we track which is which.
AI synthesis can err
AI-structured fields are labeled, instructed to omit rather than speculate, and subject to the same correction loop as everything else — but no automated synthesis is error-free. Per-claim “report an issue” links go straight to human review, and corrections are always free.
Disclaimer
GPO Intel is an independent intelligence platform and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to any Group Purchasing Organization profiled in our database.
All information is compiled from publicly available sources and voluntary expert contributions. GPO Intel does not publish confidential, proprietary, or trade-secret information. We make no warranty that any figure — particularly AI-synthesized content — is error-free; verify independently before relying on it for significant business decisions.
If you represent a GPO and have questions about how your organization is represented, please contact us.